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单宁类植物色素的表征、分析与染色研究
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价格：CNY0.00
出版：北京 :北京服装学院 ,2023
载体形态：59页 :图 ;30cm
丛编：北京服装学院研究生学位论文
附注：工学/纺织科学与工程,材料设计与工程学院
简介：中国古代染黑技艺历史悠久，单宁类植物是常用于染黑的植物。本文以五倍子、诃子、石榴皮和皂斗 4 种常见的单宁类植物为研究对象，使用现代分析技术与传统染色工艺，对植物中单宁类色素成分的理化性能进行表征，测试不同提取方法下 4 种植物中单宁类色素含量的差异，结合传统染色工艺下染色效果的差异，对植物染黑效果进行表征与评价。 高效液相色谱分析结果表明，没食子酸和单宁酸在水溶液、醇溶液及极性较强的溶剂中溶解性良好，鞣花酸在水溶液中溶解性较差，增大 pH 值可以使其溶解，在几种常用有机溶剂中溶解性较好。碱溶液和醇溶液是单宁类色素的良溶剂。 4 种植物中色素种类及含量有明显差异。通过检测可知五倍子中单宁酸含量最多，含有一定量的没食子酸；诃子和石榴皮中同时含有单宁酸、没食子酸和鞣花酸 3 种色素物质，其中单宁酸含量较鞣花酸多。诃子中 3 种色素含量均高于石榴皮中的含量；皂斗中单宁酸和鞣花酸的含量最低。根据单宁类植物中色素种类及含量的差异，可以推断 3 种市场化染料的来源。 对比 4 种植物不同浓度及染色次数下的染色结果，结合其色素种类及含量，发现含有鞣花酸色素的植物染黑效果最好，且对蚕丝染色牢度好。本实验中，在碱性条件下部分单宁酸可以转换成鞣花酸，因此在 pH=9 条件下提取单宁类植物中色素，同时适当延长浸泡时间，可以使植物染黑效果加深，达到优化染黑工艺的目的。 In Chinese ancient, there is a long history in black dyeing often used by tannin plants. According to modern analytical techniques and traditional dyeing processes, the physical and chemical properties of pigments were characterized, which are from four kinds of tannin plants, including gallanut, terminalia chebula, pomegranate peel and acorn shell. In order to explore the differences in pigment content of those plants, a variety of extraction methods were applied. Meanwhile, the effects of plant dyeing were characterized and evaluated combining the traditional dyeing process. According to the results of HPLC, it is showed that gallic acid and tannic acid have good solubility in water, alcohol solution and strong polar solvent, while ellagic acid has poor solubility in water. When increasing the pH value in water or choosing organic solvents，ellagic acid also can be dissolved easily. As far as pigments are concerned, alkali solution and alcohol solution are the good solvents. The species and content of pigment are significantly different in these plants. The results showed that the content of tannic acid was the highest in gallanut, and there was a certain amount of gallic acid. Three tannin pigments were found in terminalia chebula and pomegranate peel, and the content of tannic acid was higher than that of ellagic acid. Meanwhile, the content of three pigments in terminalia chebula was higher than that in pomegranate peel. The content of tannic acid and ellagic acid in acorn shell was the lowest. According to the difference in pigmentspecies and contents, it can be used to judge the source of the dye on sale. According to the dyeing results of four kinds of plant with different concentrations and times of dyeing, taking the specie and content of pigment into account, it is found that the ellagic acid matter from plant has a better dyeing effect and a strong color fastness to silk. In the paper, it is proved that tannic acid can be converted into ellagic acid under alkaline condition. Extracting tannin pigment under pH=9 condition or prolonging soaking time will receive a effective and strong effect, which can get the goal of optimizing the dyeing process finally.
中图分类号：TS193
责任者：著 郭鹏丽 202120001133
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